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How to make Seaweed / Kelp Fertilizer, Green Manure & Warm Casting
How to make Seaweed / Kelp Fertilizer, Green Manure & Warm Casting
Seaweed or kelp fertilizer, green manure, and worm castings are all organic fertilizers commonly used in gardening and farming
How to make Seaweed / Kelp Fertilizer
Making seaweed or kelp fertilizer is a simple and cost-effective way to add important nutrients to your plants and soil. Here’s a basic recipe to get you started:
Materials
- Fresh or dried seaweed or kelp
- Water
- A container with a lid (such as a large jar or plastic bucket)
- Cheesecloth or a strainer
- Spray bottle or watering can
Instructions
Collect fresh seaweed or kelp from a beach or purchase dried seaweed or kelp from a garden center or online.
Rinse the seaweed or kelp in fresh water to remove any salt or debris.
If using fresh seaweed or kelp, chop it into small pieces to speed up the decomposition process
Put the seaweed or kelp into the container and add enough water to cover it completely.
Cover the container with a lid and let it sit in a warm, sunny location for 2-3 weeks. Stir the mixture every few days to ensure that all parts of the seaweed or kelp are exposed to the water.
After 2-3 weeks, the seaweed or kelp should have decomposed and turned into a brown liquid. Strain the liquid through a cheesecloth or strainer to remove any solids.
Dilute the seaweed or kelp fertilizer with water before using it on your plants. A good ratio is 1 part seaweed or kelp fertilizer to 10 parts water.
Pour the diluted fertilizer into a spray bottle or watering can and apply it to the soil around your plants. Avoid getting the fertilizer on the leaves as it may cause burning in direct sunlight.
Seaweed or kelp fertilizer is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace minerals, which can improve plant growth, increase resistance to disease and pests, and enhance soil fertility. It's an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic fertilizers and can be used on a variety of plants, including vegetables, flowers, and fruit trees.
How to Make Green Manure
Green manure is a type of organic fertilizer that involves growing and then incorporating certain plants into the soil to improve soil fertility. Here’s a simple recipe to make green manure:
Materials
- Cover crop seeds (such as clover, alfalfa, or rye)
- Garden fork or shovel
Instructions
Choose a cover crop seed that is appropriate for your climate and soil type. Some common options include clover, alfalfa, rye, and buckwheat.
Prepare the soil by removing any weeds or debris and breaking up any clumps. Rake the soil to create a smooth, level surface
Spread the cover crop seed over the soil according to the recommended seeding rate on the seed packet. If planting a mixture of seeds, mix them together in a bucket before spreading them
Lightly rake the soil to cover the seeds with a thin layer of soil.
Water the area well to help the seeds germinate.
Allow the cover crop to grow for at least 6-8 weeks, or until it reaches a height of 6-8 inches.
Cut down the cover crop using a garden fork or shovel, leaving the roots in the soil
Work the plant material into the soil using a garden fork or tiller. Make sure to mix it well with the soil so that it decomposes quickly.
Allow the green manure to decompose in the soil for at least 2-4 weeks before planting any new crops.
Green manure can help to improve soil structure, increase soil fertility, and suppress weeds. It can also reduce erosion, prevent soil compaction, and enhance soil water-holding capacity. By incorporating green manure into your gardening practices, you can create a more sustainable and productive garden.
How to make Warm Casting
Warm casting, also known as vermicomposting or worm composting, is a process of using worms to convert organic waste into a nutrient-rich soil amendment. Here’s how to make warm casting:
Materials
- Worms (red wigglers or Eisenia fetida are commonly used)
- Organic waste (such as fruit and vegetable scraps, coffee grounds, and eggshells)
- Bedding material (such as shredded newspaper, leaves, or straw)
- Container with a lid (such as a plastic bin)
Instructions
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Start by preparing the bedding material. Shred newspaper, leaves, or straw into small pieces and moisten them with water until they are damp but not soaking wet
Add the bedding material to the container, filling it about halfway full.
Add the worms to the container. A good rule of thumb is to add about 1 pound of worms for every square foot of surface area in the container
Add the organic waste on top of the bedding material. Be sure to chop the waste into small pieces to help the worms break it down more easily.
Cover the organic waste with another layer of bedding material to help control odors and moisture.
Put the lid on the container and store it in a warm, dark location (such as a basement or garage) where the temperature is between 55-77°F.
Check the container every few days to ensure that the bedding material is moist but not too wet. If it's too dry, add a little water. If it's too wet, add more bedding material.
After a few weeks, the worms will have converted the organic waste into nutrient-rich worm castings. To harvest the castings, move the contents of the bin to one side, and add fresh bedding material and organic waste to the empty side. The worms will migrate to the new food source, leaving behind the castings.
Harvest the worm castings by scooping them out of the bin and using them to enrich your soil
Warm casting is an effective and sustainable way to convert organic waste into a valuable soil amendment. By following these steps, you can create a thriving worm composting system in your own home or garden.
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